# UserType (Complex Type)

### Namespace: http://midpoint.evolveum.com/xml/ns/public/common/common-3

Supertype: FocusType
User object represents a physical user of the system. It differs from the account, as "account" represents a data structure in a target system while "user" represents data structure in midPoint. One user typically has many accounts. Properties of User object typically describe the user as a physical person. Therefore the user object defines handful of properties that are commonly used to describe users in the IDM solutions (employees, customers, partners, etc.) Custom extensions are possible by utilizing the "extension" container.

Item Summary
Name | Type | Multiplicity | Description
--- | --- | --- | ---
name | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Human-readable, mutable name of the object.
description | property string | [0,1] | Free-form textual description of the object.
documentation | property string | [0,1] | AsciiDoc-formatted technical documentation of the object.
subtype | property string | [0,-1] | Type of the object.
fetchResult | property OperationResultType | [0,1] | Result of the operation that fetched this instance of the object.
extension | container ExtensionType | [0,1] | Extension container that provides generic extensibility mechanism.
parentOrgRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | Set of the orgs (organizational units, projects, teams) that the object relates to.
trigger | container TriggerType | [0,-1] | Triggers for this object.
metadata | container MetadataType | [0,1] | Meta-data about object creation, modification, etc.
tenantRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,1] | Reference to the tenant to which this object belongs.
lifecycleState | property string | [0,1] | Lifecycle state of the object.
operationExecution | container OperationExecutionType | [0,-1] | Description of recent operations executed on this object (or related objects, e.
lensContext | container LensContextType | [0,1] | Model context describing executed operation
policySituation | property anyURI | [0,-1] | The policy situation(s) of this object.
triggeredPolicyRule | property EvaluatedPolicyRuleType | [0,-1] | Triggered policy rules for this assignment.
policyException | container PolicyExceptionType | [0,-1] | Recorded exception from a policy rule.
diagnosticInformation | property DiagnosticInformationType | [0,-1] | Diagnostic information attached to this object.
indestructible | property boolean | [0,1] | Protection againts accidental deletion.
assignment | container AssignmentType | [0,-1] | Set of object's assignments.
iteration | property int | [0,1] | Iteration number.
iterationToken | property string | [0,1] | Iteration token.
archetypeRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | References to all applicable archetypes, including "indirect" archetypes such as archetype supertypes.
roleMembershipRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | References to abstract roles (roles, orgs, services) that this focus currently belongs to - directly or indirectly.
delegatedRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | References to objects (abstract roles as well as users) obtained via delegation.
roleInfluenceRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | References to abstract roles (roles and orgs) that this focus may directly belong to.
linkRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | Set of shadows (projections) linked to this focal object.
personaRef | reference ObjectReferenceType | [0,-1] | Set of personas linked to this focal object.
activation | container ActivationType | [0,1] | Type that defines activation properties.
jpegPhoto | property base64Binary | [0,1] | Photo corresponding to the user / org / role.
costCenter | property string | [0,1] | The name, identifier or code of the cost center to which the user belongs.
locality | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Primary locality of the user, the place where the user usually works, the country, city or building that he belongs to.
preferredLanguage | property string | [0,1] | Indicates user's preferred language, usually for the purpose of localizing user interfaces.
locale | property string | [0,1] | Defines user's preference in displaying currency, dates and other items related to location and culture.
timezone | property string | [0,1] | User's preferred timezone.
emailAddress | property string | [0,1] | E-Mail address of the user, org.
telephoneNumber | property string | [0,1] | Primary telephone number of the user, org.
credentials | container CredentialsType | [0,1] | The set of focus's credentials (such as passwords).
behavior | container BehaviorType | [0,1] | General-purpose behavioral data.
fullName | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Full name of the user with all the decorations, middle name initials, honorific title and any other structure that is usual in the cultural environment that the system operates in.
givenName | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Given name of the user.
familyName | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Family name of the user.
additionalName | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Middle name, patronymic, matronymic or any other name of a person.
nickName | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Familiar or otherwise informal way to address a person.
honorificPrefix | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Honorific titles that go before the name.
honorificSuffix | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | Honorific titles that go after the name.
title | property PolyStringType | [0,1] | User's title defining a work position or a primary role in the organization.
employeeNumber | property string | [0,1] | Unique, business-oriented identifier of the employee.
employeeType | property string | [0,-1] | Employee type specification such as internal employee, external or partner.
organization | property PolyStringType | [0,-1] | Name or (preferably) immutable identifier of organization that the user belongs to.
organizationalUnit | property PolyStringType | [0,-1] | Name or (preferably) immutable identifier of organizational unit that the user belongs to.
adminGuiConfiguration | container AdminGuiConfigurationType | [0,1] | Specifies the admin GUI configuration that should be used by this user.

- ### Items

  - #### name

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Human-readable, mutable name of the object. It may also be an identifier (login name, group name). It is usually unique in the respective context of interpretation. E.g. the name of the UserType subtype is usually unique in the whole system. The name of the ShadowType subtype is usually unique in the scope of resource (target system) that it belongs to.

    The name may not be human-readable in a sense to display to a common end-user. It is intended to be displayed to IDM system administrator. Therefore it may contain quite a "ugly" structures such as LDAP DN or URL.

    Name is mutable. It is considered to be ordinary property of the object. Therefore it can be changed by invoking usual modifyObject operations. However, change of the name may have side effects (rename process).

    Although name is specified as optional by this schema, it is in fact mandatory for most object types. The reason for specifying the name as optional is that the name may be generated by the system instead of supplied by the clients. However, all objects stored in the repository must have a name.

  - #### description

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Free-form textual description of the object. This is meant to be displayed in the user interface.

  - #### documentation

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    AsciiDoc-formatted technical documentation of the object.

  - #### subtype

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Type of the object. It is used to distinguish what a specific object represents. Whether it is a different kind of organizational unit, project, team, or different kind of user, etc.

  - #### fetchResult

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Result of the operation that fetched this instance of the object. It is mostly used to indicate that the object is not complete or there is some problem with the object. This is used instead of exception if the object is part of larger structures (lists as in list/search operations or composite objects). If not present then the "SUCCESS" state is assumed.

    This field is TRANSIENT. It must only be used in runtime. It should never be stored in the repository.

  - #### extension

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Extension container that provides generic extensibility mechanism. Almost any extension property can be placed in this container. This mechanism is used to extend objects with new properties. The extension is treated exactly the same as other object properties by the code (storage, modifications, etc), except that the system may not be able to understand their meaning.

  - #### parentOrgRef

    Flags: RAM,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Set of the orgs (organizational units, projects, teams) that the object relates to. This usually means that the object belongs to them but it may have other meanings as well (e.g. user manages an organizational unit).

  - #### trigger

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Triggers for this object. They drive invocations of corresponding trigger handlers at specified time.

  - #### metadata

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Meta-data about object creation, modification, etc.

  - #### tenantRef

    Flags: RAM,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Reference to the tenant to which this object belongs. It is a computed value set automatically by midPoint. It is determined from the organizational structure. Even though this value is computed it is also stored in the repository due to performance reasons.

  - #### lifecycleState

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Lifecycle state of the object. This property defines whether the object represents a draft, proposed definition, whether it is active, deprecated, and so on.

    There are few pre-defined lifecycle states. But custom lifecycle states may also be defined. Pre-defined lifecycle states are:

    - draft: Definition of the new object in progress. The object is NOT active. The definition may change at any moment. It is not ready yet.
    - proposed: Definition of a new object is ready for use, but there is still a review process to be applied (e.g. approval). The object is NOT active. However the definition should not change in this state.
    - active: Active and working definition. Ready to be used without any unusual limitations.
    - deprecated: Active definition which is being phased out. The definition is still fully operational. But it should not be used for new assignments. E.g. it should not be requested, it should not be approved, etc.
    - archived: Inactive historical definition. It is no longer used. It is maintained only for historical, auditing and sentimental reasons.
    - failed: Unexpected error has occurred during object lifecycle. Result of that event is that the object is rendered inactive. The situation cannot be automatically remedied. Manual action is needed.

  - #### operationExecution

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Description of recent operations executed on this object (or related objects, e.g. shadows in case of a focal object). The number of operations to be kept here is configurable.

  - #### lensContext

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Model context describing executed operation

  - #### policySituation

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    The policy situation(s) of this object. The situations are result of evaluation of the policy rules. This property is recorded for each object and can be used for reporting, diagnostics, target selection in certification campaigns, etc.

  - #### triggeredPolicyRule

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Triggered policy rules for this assignment. (Not necessarily complete; subject to specified storage strategy.) This is EXPERIMENTAL functionality. It is possibly to change in the near future.

  - #### policyException

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Recorded exception from a policy rule. The exceptions that are approved are recoded here to avoid re-evaluating and re-approving them all the time. This is EXPERIMENTAL functionality. It is likely to change in the near future.

  - #### diagnosticInformation

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Diagnostic information attached to this object.

  - #### indestructible

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Protection againts accidental deletion. If set to true then this object cannot be deleted. If the object needs to be deleted then it has to be modified first to reset this flag.

  - #### assignment

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Set of object's assignments. Assignments define the privileges and "features" that this object should have, that this object is entitled to. Typical assignment will point to a role or define a construction of an account.

    Assignments represent what the object SHOULD HAVE. The assignments represent a policy, a desired state of things (cf. linkRef, roleMembershipRef).

  - #### iteration

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Iteration number. Starts with 0. It is used to iteratively find unique identifier for the object.

  - #### iterationToken

    Flags: RAM,runtime,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Iteration token. String value that is usually a suffix to the identifier based on iteration number. E.g. ".007". It is used to iteratively find unique identifier for the object.

  - #### archetypeRef

    Flags: RAM,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    References to all applicable archetypes, including "indirect" archetypes such as archetype supertypes. Contains references to active archetypes only.

    Note: the value of this reference is only updated when object is recomputed. Therefore if a role definition changes then all the affected objects must be recomputed for this reference to be consistent.

    This is an operational property. It is set and managed by the system. It is used for efficient use of archetypes.

  - #### roleMembershipRef

    Flags: RAM,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    References to abstract roles (roles, orgs, services) that this focus currently belongs to - directly or indirectly. This reference points to all the roles in the role hierarchy. It only points to the roles that were evaluated as active during last recompute (conditions were true, validity constraints not violated).

    Note: the value of this reference is only updated when a focal object is recomputed. Therefore if a role definition changes then all the affected focal objects must be recomputed for this reference to be consistent.

    Roles mentioned here are those that are NOT obtained via delegation, i.e. "deputy" relations. Relations acquired by delegation are listed in delegatedRef item.

    This is an operational property. It is set and managed by the system. It is used for efficient search of all current role members, e.g. for the purpose of displaying this information in the GUI.

    Note: roleMembershipRef will be probably renamed to something like linkRef or outboundLinkRef. We need to generalize it to contain information on generic links between objects (e.g. between child and its parents).

  - #### delegatedRef

    Flags: RAM,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    References to objects (abstract roles as well as users) obtained via delegation. If A1 is a deputy of A, its delegatedRef contains a union of A, A.roleMembershipRef and A.delegatedRef.

    This is an operational property. It is set and managed by the system. It is used for efficient search of all current role members, e.g. for the purpose of displaying this information in the GUI.

  - #### roleInfluenceRef

    Flags: RAM,oper

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    References to abstract roles (roles and orgs) that this focus may directly belong to. This reference only points to the next role in the hierarchy. However, it is backed by a "closure" index in the repository subsystem. Therefore it can efficiently support tree-like queries. This reference points to the roles for whose the condition is not true. Therefore it does not reliably show who actually has a role. It shows potential role members - all the object that are possibly influenced when a role definition changes.

    This is an operational property. It is set and managed by the system. It is used for efficient search of all possible role members, e.g. for the purpose of recomputing all role members after the role definition is changed.

    TODO. NOT IMPLEMENTED YET. EXPERIMENTAL. UNSTABLE.

  - #### linkRef

    Flags: RAM

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Set of shadows (projections) linked to this focal object. E.g. a set of accounts linked to a user. This is the set of shadows that belongs to the focal object in a sense that these shadows represents the focal object on the resource. E.g. The set of accounts that represent the same midPoint user (the same physical person, they are "analogous").

    Links define what the object HAS. The links reflect real state of things (cf. assignment).

    Note: linkRef will be probably renamed to projectionRef or projectionLinkRef. There are more kinds of links between objects than focus - projection links (cf. roleMembershipRef).

  - #### personaRef

    Flags: RAM

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Set of personas linked to this focal object. E.g. a set of virtual identities linked to a user. This is the set of "secondary" focal objects that belongs to this focal object in a sense that the current focal object is in control over the linked focal objects. E.g. this reference can be used to link user object which specified a physical person with his virtual identities (personas) that specify his identity as an employee, system administrator, customer, etc. The default meaning is that the personas are "analogous", i.e. the represent different facets of the same physical person. However, this meaning may be theoretically overridden by using various relation parameters in this reference.

    This reference define what the object HAS. The links reflect real state of things (cf. assignment).

  - #### activation

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Type that defines activation properties. Determines whether something is active (and working) or inactive (e.g. disabled).

    It applies to several object types. It may apply to user, account, assignment, etc. The data in this type define if the described concept is active, from when it is active and until when. The "active" means that it works. If something is not active, it should not work or not cause any effect. E.g. inactive user should not be able to log in or run any tasks, the non-active role should not be assigned and if assigned it should not be taken into account when computing the accounts.

  - #### jpegPhoto

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Photo corresponding to the user / org / role.

  - #### costCenter

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    The name, identifier or code of the cost center to which the user belongs.

    Please note that organization objects (OrgType) also have a costCenter property. Therefore it is usual that if a user belongs to an organization the costCenter from the organization is used. Therefore this property is usually used only for users that do not belong to any organization or for users that have different cost center than the one defined by the organization.

  - #### locality

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Primary locality of the user, the place where the user usually works, the country, city or building that he belongs to. The specific meaning and form of this property is deployment-specific.

  - #### preferredLanguage

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Indicates user's preferred language, usually for the purpose of localizing user interfaces. The format is IETF language tag defined in BCP 47, where underscore is used as a subtag separator. This is usually a ISO 639-1 two-letter language code optionally followed by ISO 3166-1 two letter country code separated by underscore. The languages that do not have country-specific variants are usually specified by using a two-letter country code ("sk", "cs", "tr"). Languages with country-specific variants have country-specific subtags ("pt_BR", "zn_CN"). If no value is specified in this property then system default locale is assumed.

    Examples:

    - en_US
    - sk
    - cs
    - pt_BR

  - #### locale

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Defines user's preference in displaying currency, dates and other items related to location and culture. The format is IETF language tag defined in BCP 47, where underscore is used as a subtag separator. This is usually a ISO 639-1 two-letter language code optionally followed by ISO 3166-1 two letter country code separated by underscore. The languages that do not have country-specific variants are usually specified by using a two-letter country code ("sk", "cs", "tr"). Languages with country-specific variants have country-specific subtags ("pt_BR", "zn_CN"). If not specified then system default locale is assumed.

    Examples:

    - en_US
    - sk
    - cs
    - pt_BR

  - #### timezone

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    User's preferred timezone. It is specified in the "tz database" (a.k.a "Olson") format. If not specified then system default timezone is assumed.

    Examples:

    - Europe/Bratislava

  - #### emailAddress

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    E-Mail address of the user, org. unit, etc. This is the address supposed to be used for communication with the user, org. unit, etc. E.g. IDM system may send notifications to the e-mail address. It is NOT supposed to be full-featured e-mail address data structure e.g. for the purpose of complex address-book application.

  - #### telephoneNumber

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Primary telephone number of the user, org. unit, etc.

  - #### credentials

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    The set of focus's credentials (such as passwords).

  - #### behavior

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    General-purpose behavioral data. In a more specific meaning: behavioral data of an agent (user or system), usually represented in midPoint by focus. This data structure records informational data about the agent's behavior, such as authentications, interaction with systems and so on. Such data are inherently _observed_, e.g. they are not configured by the user.

  - #### fullName

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Full name of the user with all the decorations, middle name initials, honorific title and any other structure that is usual in the cultural environment that the system operates in. This element is intended to be displayed to a common user of the system.

    Examples:

    - cpt. Jack Sparrow
    - William "Bootstrap" Turner
    - James W. Random, PhD.
    - Vladimir Iljic Lenin
    - Josip Broz Tito
    - Chuck Norris

  - #### givenName

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Given name of the user. It is usually the first name of the user, but the order of names may differ in various cultural environments. This element will always contain the name that was given to the user at birth or was chosen by the user.

    Examples:

    - Jack
    - Chuck

  - #### familyName

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Family name of the user. It is usually the last name of the user, but the order of names may differ in various cultural environments. This element will always contain the name that was inherited from the family or was assigned to a user by some other means.

    Examples:

    - Sparrow
    - Norris

  - #### additionalName

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Middle name, patronymic, matronymic or any other name of a person. It is usually the middle component of the name, however that may be culture-dependent.

    Examples:

    - Walker
    - John
    - Iljic

  - #### nickName

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Familiar or otherwise informal way to address a person.

    Examples:

    - Bootstrap
    - Bobby

    The meaning of this property is to take part in the formatted full name of the person, e.g. William "Bootstrap" Turner. It is not intended to be used as a username or login name. This value is usually changeable by the user itself and it defines how the user wants other to address him. Therefore it is not ideal for use as an identifier.

  - #### honorificPrefix

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Honorific titles that go before the name.

    Examples:

    - cpt.
    - Ing.
    - Sir

    This property is single-valued. If more than one title is applicable, they have to be represented in a single string (concatenated) form in the correct order.

  - #### honorificSuffix

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Honorific titles that go after the name.

    Examples:

    - PhD.
    - KBE

    This property is single-valued. If more than one title is applicable, they have to be represented in a single string (concatenated) form in the correct order.

  - #### title

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    User's title defining a work position or a primary role in the organization.

    Examples:

    - CEO
    - Security Officer
    - Assistant

  - #### employeeNumber

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Unique, business-oriented identifier of the employee. Typically used as correlation identifier and for auditing purposes. Should be immutable, but the specific properties and usage are deployment-specific.

  - #### employeeType

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Employee type specification such as internal employee, external or partner. The specific values are deployment-specific. However it is generally assumed that this will be enumeration of several type names or codes that define "classes" of users.

    Even though this property is named "employeeType" due to the historical reasons it is used in a more generic way to mean general type of user. Therefore it can be used to distinguish employees from customers, etc.

    DEPRECATED: Use ObjectType.subtype

  - #### organization

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Name or (preferably) immutable identifier of organization that the user belongs to. The format is deployment-specific. This property together with organizationalUnit may be used to provide easy-to-use data about organizational membership of the user.

    This is multi-valued property to allow membership of a user to several organizations. Please note that midPoint does not maintain ordering in multi-value properties therefore this is not usable to model a complex organization hierarchies. Use OrgType instead.

  - #### organizationalUnit

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,-1]

    Name or (preferably) immutable identifier of organizational unit that the user belongs to. The format is deployment-specific. This property together with organization may be used to provide easy-to-use data about organizational membership of the user.

    This is multi-valued property to allow membership of a user to several organizational units. Please note that midPoint does not maintain ordering in multi-value properties therefore this is not usable to model a complex organization hierarchies. Use OrgType instead.

  - #### adminGuiConfiguration

    Flags: RAM,runtime

    Multiplicity: [0,1]

    Specifies the admin GUI configuration that should be used by this user.